Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants in the ARK study and this case-control study

Age (years), mean (SD)

38 (14)

38 (13)

42 (14)

0.255

Sex - Male, n (%)

851 (42)

16 (67)

31 (63)

0.776

BMI Kg/m², mean (SD)

27 (6)

31 (7)

26 (7)

0.005

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²),^b mean (SD)

112 (18)

101 (23)

116 (14)

0.044

UACR (mg/mmol), median (IQR)

0.4 (0.2–1.2)

9.4 (4.5–18.7)

0.4 (0.2–0.7)

<0.001^c

Systolic blood pressure mm Hg, mean (SD)

128 (17)

162 (20)

123 (9)

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure mm Hg, mean (SD)

78 (11)

98 (14)

74 (7)

<0.001

Hypercholesterolaemia,^d n (%)

465 (23)

9 (38)

13 (27)

0.337

APOL1low-risk (zero or one risk allele), n (%)

1,776 (89)

19 (79)

37 (76)^e

0.965

APOL1high-risk (two risk alleles), n (%)

226 (11)

5 (21)

10 (20)^e

0.965