From: Recent progress in mass spectrometry-based urinary proteomics
Condition | Salient features | Technology used | References |
---|---|---|---|
Normal human urine peptidomics | Numerous separation and extraction method developed for efficient enrichment of endogenous urinary peptides in healthy individuals. Along with profiling, age-related urinary peptidomics has been carried out in individuals with different age groups. These studies provide substantial foundation for disease-related peptide identification in urine | CE-TOF–MS nanoLC-TOF–MS MALDI-TOF–MS LC–MS/MS Q-TOF LC–MS | [138] [294] [139] [145] [146] [142] [144] [41] [143] [295] [296] |
Urine peptidomics in cancer | Differential urinary peptidomic analysis for several cancer types including bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been performed for detecting non-invasive peptide biomarkers in urine for clinical manifestation and disease management | MALDI-TO-MS LC–MS/MS CE-MS PRM-MS | [297] [298] [299] [150] [151] [300] [153] [134] |
Urine peptidomics in other diseases | Non-invasive biosignature identification in diverse conditions including chronic kidney diseases (CKD), in infection, celiac disease, diabetes, hypertension, neurological disorders, in kidney transplant and drug monitoring, COVID-19, preeclampsia and cardiovascular disorders using mass spectrometry-based urine peptidomics in both discovery and targeted fashion | MALDI-TOF/TOF MRM-MS LC–MS/MS CE-MS Q-TOF LC–MS | [301] [42] [302] [156] [303] [304] [137] [305] [306] [307] [308] [154] [159] [309] [158] [310] [311] [312] [313] [160] [157] [314] [136] [161] [315] [316] [162] [317] [318] |